Fedora¶

Fedora —> CentOS Stream —> RHEL

RPM package Format¶

.rpm file includes all configuration and files required to install software packages

https://mirror.stream.centos.org

AppStream more outer softwares, and BaseOS more core softwares

inspect rpm file¶

rpm -qpl package.rpm

Install rpm file¶

rpm -i package.rpm

Remove or uninstall rpm package¶

rpm -e package.rpm

DNF (Dandified Yum)¶

ls -al $(which dnf yum)

Search package name¶

sudo dnf search <package>

Install epel¶

sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled crb
sudo dnf install epel-release

Repositories in RHEL / CentOS / Fedora¶

yum and dnf will search packages in the repositories configured in /etc/dnf/dnf.conf or /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo

:::info Need not required refresh of the repositories, everytime we install the package or upgrade the repositories definition list gets refreshed :::

Check what functionality a package can provide to the system¶

dnf repoquery --provides <package-name>

What provides filesystem

dnf repoquery --whatprovides filesystem

Check what functionality is required by the package if it is to be installes¶

sudo dnf repoquery --requires <package-name>

What requires by package

dnf repoquery --whatrequires package

Level of Dependencies¶

Optional Dependencies (weak): Recommended and Suggests¶

dnf repoquery --recommends packagename and dnf repoquery --suggests <package-name>

Disable weak dependencies¶

In the file /etc/dnf/dnf.conf make this false install_weak_deps=False or add it manually in new line

or use command dnf install <package-name> —setopt=install_weak_deps=False

:::info Pre-Install Dependency > Dependency > Recommends > Suggest :::

Remove / Keep dependencies while uninstall¶

clean_requiements_on_remove=False then run dnf autoremove

Remove package not dependency¶

sudo dnf remove <package> --noautoremove

Marking package to be installed by user¶

When any package is installed, all its dependencies are marked as dependencies
When any dependencies are installed using dnf or yum then it will be marked as dependency
When any dependencies are installed using apt then it will be marked as user installed package
To make any dependency to be marked as user installed using dnf or yum, the run
dnf mark install <package>
While removing packages, marked packages will not be removes even if it is dependency

Update and downgrade in RHEL / FEDORA / CentOS¶

Downgrade¶

dnf downgrade <package>

dnf downgrade <package-version>

List duplicates:¶

dnf list python3 —showduplicates

Prevent Packages from upgrade¶

dnf upgrade --exclude=python3

or dnf upgrade --exclude=python3,other-packages

Exclude permanently¶

in /etc/dnf/dnf.conf

Paste this line

excludepkgs=[packages]

Automatically keep the system upto date

sudo dnf install dnf-automatic

sudo vim /etc/dnf/automatic.conf

sudo systemctl enable --now dnf-automatic.timer

DNF Modules¶

dnf module list

dnf module enable [module]:[stream]/[profile]

dnf module remove --all <nodejs>

dnf module disable <package>

dnf module reset <packages>

Repository: epel-release¶

EPEL: Extra Package for Enterprise Linux

This is community driven project,

Enable epel-release¶

sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled crb
sudo dnf install epel-release epel-next-release